Cashew nuts, also known as nature’s golden nuts, are not just a delicious snack but also an important component of diverse cuisines globally. being a rich agricultural heritage, is one of the leading cultivators and exporters of various nuts. This blog is a guide to understanding the cultivation, types, and trade of cashew nuts in India and the various dynamics of import and export.

The cultivation process

The cultivation of cashew nuts in India is a labour-oriented process that demands constant care and attention to every detail. In India, cashew nuts are primarily grown in the coastal regions of states like Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. The trees of cashew nuts are thriving in tropical climates with quality-drained soil and moderate rainfall. 

The growing process of the cashew nuts begins with the planting of cashew seeds or grafts in well-prepared nurseries. After 12 to 18 months, the young saplings were transplanted to their permanent locations in orchards. Cashew trees then start bearing fruit within three to five years of planting. Peak production occurs between the ages of eight and twelve.

Exploring the varieties

India produces a diverse variety of cashew nuts; each has its own unique characteristics and flavour profiles.

• Indian cashews: Cashews in India are majorly cultivated in states like Goa. Goa cashews are known for their larger size and rich flavour. These cashews are used for both snacks and as a culinary ingredient. Kollam cashews are also one of the most popular Indian cashews that are named after the city of Kollam in Kerala. This variety is known for its crunchy texture and is ideal for baking.
• Tanzania Cashew: Tanzanian cashews are known for their rich creamy texture and mild sweetness; these cashews originated in Tanzania and are exported globally.
• Vietnam Cashew: Vietnamese cashews are known for their smaller size and intense flavour and are used in savoury dishes and snack mixes.
• Indonesian cashews: Originated in Indonesia, especially in Bali, these cashews are also one of the most demanding globally. Bali cashews are characterised by their distinctive shape and strong taste, making them a popular choice for gourmet snacks.

Understanding the dynamics of import and export

Talking about global trade, India ranks among the top producers and exporters of cashew nuts across the globe. It exports a significant amount of its cashew production across Asia, Europe, and North America. The import and export dynamics of cashew nuts are influenced by various factors, such as demand-supply dynamics, international trade policies, and market trends.

With raw cashew nuts, India also exports processed kernels that add more value as they also contain processing and packaging. The export market has popularity for cashews such as whole kernels, roasted, salted, and flavoured cashews that serve diverse tastes and preferences of people globally.

Other than the international trade of cashew nuts, India has a flourishing domestic market that always remains at its peak, especially during the festive season. In addition to fulfilling domestic demand, it also imports a diverse variety of cashews from countries like Vietnam, Tanzania, and Indonesia. India always ensures a smooth supply of cashews and various other nuts throughout the year.

Wrapping up

Cashew nuts hold a special place in India’s agriculture and culinary heritage as they contribute significantly to the dry fruit production and trade industries. Through a consistent and detailed cultivation process, it offers a diverse range of cashews. The country also serves a dynamic trade sector of cashews. Cashews in India are a part of its taste, whether it is the popular sweet Kaju Katli or any other dessert. Cashews are always a must-have. This is the reason why the market is always on the rise and will continue to do so.